Neil's Harbour is located in Victoria County, as a part of Cape Breton Island. Neil's Harbour is situated in the northeast corner of the Cape Breton Highlands National Park, alongside the Cabot Trail. The village is named after Neil McLennan. The first school in Neil's Harbour was constructed in 1878. Artefacts in the area indicate that Neil's Harbour may at one time have been inhabited by the French. The main industry in Neil's Harbour is fishing, mostly for lobster and crab. Neil's Harbour is 165 km (102.5 mi.) north of Sydney.

Considering the fact that Neil's Harbour is located in the Cape Breton Highlands National Park - and is an ocean-side town - Neil's Harbour is a scenic haven. The Cabot Archives is a repository of various local historical documents, photographs and manuscripts that is a must see for anyone interested in the history of the area. Neil's Harbour is also home to the Neil's Harbour Beach, fishing boats, the Sea Breeze Restaurant and the Chowder House.

Neil's Harbour accommodations include cottages and bed and breakfasts.